# Use multiple currencies {% hint style="info" %} * Multi-currency is an add-on feature suitable for multi-entity organizations. To request it, please contact your Phocas account manager. * For multi-currency to work, the database needs to have at least one **local currency measure** and one **reporting currency measure**. * User permission: Manage Custom Statements and Admin > Sync. As this is an advanced feature, you might prefer to ask our Support team to set it up for you. {% endhint %} Financial Statements seamlessly handles Profit and Loss, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow reporting in a range of currencies. This includes calculating the Foreign Currency Translation Reserve (FCTR) on the Balance Sheet and the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the Cash Flow statement. {% embed url="" %} {% hint style="success" %} Watch this Phocas Demo video: [Financial consolidation](https://www.phocassoftware.com/watch-demo/financial-consolidation?autoplay=true) {% endhint %} ## How it works Phocas automates the process of multi-currency consolidation, while providing transparency into exchange rate effects. Understanding how Phocas calculates Cash Flow adjustments helps you to interpret financial reports accurately and manage foreign currency impacts effectively. The **Profit and Loss** treatment is set up during the Implementation process. Then, Financial Statements revalues the Balance Sheet for each reporting period at close rates and calculates the exchange rate movements in your Cash Flow Statement. In the **Balance Sheet**, the local currency conversion is handled as follows: * All Assets and Liabilities are the local measures converted by their respective currency exchange rate at close date. * The Equity group is the reporting measure at the transaction rate. * A Foreign Currency Reserve row is inserted into the Equity group, which calculates the difference between the Balance Sheet rate and the transaction rate of the net assets. The local currency cash transactions are converted and consolidated into a reporting currency **Cash Flow** statement, in which: * The Operating, Investing, and Financing cash flows' reporting values (total net cash from activities) are the local value translated at the exchange rate at the time of the transaction. * The Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment (FCTA) is calculated as follows: * Foreign currency gains or losses on cash at the start of period, revalued at close rates Plus * Foreign currency gains or losses on the local currency transactions at close rates less the reporting value equivalent.
Example of the FTCA calculation To illustrate the consolidation calculation, consider a group that uses GBP as its reporting currency but has a USD subsidiary. The exchange rates are: * 1USD = 0.8GBP at the beginning of the period * 1USD = 0.77GBP at the time of the transaction * 1USD = 0.75GBP at the end of the period
## Set it up The multi-currency feature allows you to display Balance Sheet statements for multiple entities with different local currencies, in an appropriate reporting currency. To set this up for your organization's needs, there are three key steps, including the addition of your exchange rate data. ### 1. Edit the multi-currency settings Click the **Settings** button > **Currency Settings** in the top right corner. Then, in the **Currency Settings** window, select the **Multiple currencies** option.
Configure the **local currency** settings: 1. Select the measure that contains the local currency values. 2. Select the dimension that determines the local currency of each item, such as Country, Region, Company, and so on. 3. Selected the local currency (such as AUD (Australian Dollar), GBP (Pound Sterling), USD (US Dollar), and so on) for each of the entities in the dimension. Configure the **reporting currency** settings: 1. Select the measure that contains the reporting currency values, such as Amount, Customers, Headcount, Barrels, and so on. 2. Select the reporting currency. Set the **translation reserve account** using one of these options: * Select the **None** option to map the account to the default Foreign Currency Translation Reserve account. * Select the **This account** option, then select the required account from the list of your Balance Sheet accounts. By default, your first Balance Sheet account code is selected for you but you can change this to another account, as required. Start typing the code or account name to quickly find the account you want to use. Click **OK**.
### 2. Add the exchange rate data You need to set up a link to the exchange rates you want to use in the Balance Sheet calculations. Typically, you do this every month. A range of file types are supported. For example, suppose in your multi-currency settings you have a reporting currency of NZD and three local currencies, AUD, Euro, and GBP. You need to upload exchange rate data for each of those currencies. Click the **Settings** button > **Balance Sheet Exchange Rates** in the top right corner.
The Balance Sheet Exchange Rates window displays a list of exchange rates that were previously added here (if any). There are different options for adding the new exchange rate data: select an existing sync source, replace a file or manually upload a new file.
Select an existing sync item (recommend for first time setup) This method links to a sync source item that contains the exchange rate data. The item belongs to a sync source, which has already been added to your Phocas site. It might be an item that flows through from your ERP. See [Use sync](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference) more detailed information.
1. In the **Balance Sheet Exchange Rates** window, select the required sync source from the **Source** list. An additional dropdown list of all the exchange rate items in that source displays. 2. Select the required data item. Its exchange rate data displays in the grid underneath.
3. Review the exchange rate data. * The data is automatically mapped to the items in your multi-currency settings, based on the header and data type of each column in the data item. * If any items are not mapped automatically or are mapped incorrectly, select the correct values from the dropdown lists at the top of the grid. * Select the *Ignore* option for any data columns you do not need. 4. Click **Update**.
Replace an existing file (recommended for subsequent updates) {% hint style="warning" %} When you upload new exchange rate data, you overwrite any existing (previously uploaded) exchange rate data. {% endhint %} This method replaces the exchange rate file ([sync source](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference)) that is currently being used in Financial Statements with a file that contains the latest exchange rate data. This method is suitable after you have set up your Balance Sheet exchange rates, when you simply want to retain the setup but add the latest rates. 1. In Financial Statements, in the **Balance Sheet Exchange Rates** window, identify the name of the file that is in use. 2. Use the [Upload files tool](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference) to replace the file. 3. Back in Financial Statements, refresh the screen to view the updated data.
Add a new file {% hint style="warning" %} When you upload new exchange rate data, you overwrite any existing (previously uploaded) exchange rate data. {% endhint %} This method adds a new file that contains the exchange rate data as a [sync source](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference) in your Phocas site. There are two ways to do this. The recommended way is to use the [Upload files tool](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference). However, you can also add a file via the **Balance Sheet Exchange Rates** window, as outlined below. 1. In the **Balance Sheet Exchange Rates** window, select the **I have a new file** option from the **Source** list.
2. Click **Upload** and select the file that contains the new exchange rate data. 3. Select how you want to transform the file: Determine the layout as currency columns with period rows or period columns with currency rows. Include a header row (or not). Select the format in which the exchange rate data was stored, either local currency over reporting currency (base) or reporting currency over local currency (numerator).
4. Click **Update**. 5. Check the data uploaded as expected. 6. Map the data in the exchange rate file to the items in your multi-currency settings. * Typically, these items are automatically mapped based on the header and data type of each column in the uploaded file. * If any items are not mapped or they are mapped incorrectly, select the correct the values from the dropdown lists at the top of the grid. * Select the *Ignore* option for any data columns you do not need. 7. Click **Update**.
{% hint style="success" %} Going forward, if you want to upload a new version of the file you used above, you can use the [Upload files tool](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/broken-reference) rather than repeat the above steps. {% endhint %}
### 3. Select the Equity settings in the statement Typically, Equity accounts are not revalued; they usually stay at the transaction rate. For example, your Retained Earnings should equal your profit for your prior years plus your profit for this year, to equal your closing balance. The multi-currency feature revalues your net assets. To prevent the revaluation of a group such as Retained Earnings, select the **Equity** checkbox for that group in the setup window of each of your financial statements.
## View financial information in reporting currency After you set up the multi-currency capability for a financial statement and upload the exchange rate data, you can see the local currency values converted into the reporting currency values. ### Balance Sheet Open the Balance Sheet statement and select the reporting measure from the **Measures** menu. A message displays in the top right corner of the statement to let you know the reporting currency you are viewing in the statement.
Scroll down to the **Equity** group row and expand it to view the foreign currency translation reserve values. See the [How it works](#how-it-works) section above to learn about how the local currency conversion is handled.
To view the multi-currency information more clearly, change your view of the financial statement: * Drag the dimension you used in the multi-currency setup, such as Country, to the **Levels** box to view the contribution of the individual items (countries) within the overall performance. If there is no translation reserve, it is because the local currency is the reporting currency. See [Add a level in a financial statement](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/using-statements/manage-statement-levels).
* Drag the same dimension to the **Column groups** box to transform the grid into a matrix format and view the performance of the items side-by-side against overall performance. See [View financial information in a matrix (change column groups)](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/using-statements/view-financial-information-in-a-matrix-column-groups). You might also want to [change the columns](https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/using-statements/customize-your-view-financial-statements/change-the-columns) that display in the grid.
### Cash Flow Open the Cash Flow statement and locate the **Foreign currency translation adjustment** row (automatically calculated). Expand the row to view the underlying data. See the [How it works](#how-it-works) section above to learn about how the FCTA is calculated.
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*** ## FAQs **1. Why does my Balance Sheet show a movement in reporting currency but my Cash flow doesn't?** If there is no movement in the local currency for an account, then any change in the reporting currency balance is due to exchange rate fluctuations. The Cash Flow statement reflects actual cash transactions, while the Balance Sheet captures currency revaluations. **2. How does Phocas determine which exchange rate to use?** Phocas references the reporting values, which typically have the average rate for transaction-based movements and the closing rate for period-end balances. --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs.phocassoftware.com/financial-statements/managing-statements/use-multiple-currencies.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.